Abstract
The relationship between Along Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR) thermal radiances and snow surface temperature for the Greenland ice sheet is examined through forward calculations of the LOWTRAN 7 radiative transfer model. Inputs to the model include in situ radiosonde profile measurements of temperature, pressure and humidity, surface temperatures, and cloud observations for spring-summer 1990 and 1991 from the ETH-CU research camp, located at 69°34′N, 49°18′W on the Greenland ice sheet. Atmospheric correction coefficients were determined through a statistical analysis of daily clear-sky profiles for three different combinations of the ATSR thermal infrared (TIR) channels. Using all available ATSR TIR information, the 11- and 12-μm channels in both the nadir and forward views showed the smallest rms error of less than 0.2 K in the estimated surface temperature. This dual-view algorithm was found to be least sensitive to changes in concentrations of atmospheric constituents, in contrast to the standard “split-window” technique. Assuming accurate surface emissivities can be obtained, the dual-view algorithm is recommended for applications in polar regions where the variety of atmospheric conditions can be large.
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