Surface modification of Kevlar improves the mechanical and friction properties of Kevlar/low-carbon steel composite structures

Abstract

To enhance the friction and wear properties of Kevlar®/low-carbon steel composite structures (KSCS), we developed a surface modification solution by optimizing the ratio of thermosetting epoxy resin and aliphatic glycidyl ether. We prepared a convenient and effective modification solution that filled the weaving gaps of the Kevlar material and improved adhesion between the fiber surface and the low-carbon steel (18CrMnTiH) base material. The composite friction properties, friction coefficient, and wear amount before and after modification were analyzed using a friction and wear testing machine by controlling the friction time. The worn surface morphology and the transfer film wear reduction process were characterized by optical electron microscopy and optical profilometry. The results showed that the friction coefficient and surface roughness decreased as the area covered by the transfer film increased. The transfer film formation changed the wear mechanism of the material from severe fatigue wear to slight abrasive wear, effectively prolonging the service life of the material under the same conditions. The findings of this study provide a reference for extending the friction and wear resistance of Kevlar fiber-reinforced moving metal parts.