Surface grinding responses optimization with a promising eco-friendly cutting fluid

Abstract

Lubrication and cooling are very important to safeguard grinding quality, in terms of surface integrity, surface texture, and accuracy of dimensions of the workpiece, because of the friction and the heat generation associated with the surface grinding process. So, cutting fluids are used to achieve this. Due to the ecological and health hazards of cutting fluids formulated from mineral oil and chemicals, the focus is on the use of bio-oil-based cutting fluids. Owing to the desirable properties of cashew nut shell liquid, it is attempted as a cutting fluid to optimize the surface roughness and cooling in surface grinding of EN8 material. The study deals with the analysis of the grinding parameters such as the type of cutting fluid, grinding wheel speed, grinding wheel grade, depth of cut, and workpiece speed as influential factors on the responses i. e. surface finish and grinding temperature. The performance of cashew nut shell liquid is compared to traditional synthetic cutting fluid using Taguchi’s 25 experimental design and L16 Orthogonal Array. A prediction model is proposed for both surface roughness and grinding temperature to get the optimum grinding parameters. The accuracy of the models is tested by conducting validation and confirmation experiments. The experimental results confirm well with those predicted and show that there is an improvement in the surface grinding responses when cashew nut shell liquid is used as a cutting fluid.