Surface Functionalization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Gallic Acid as Potential Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents.

Syed Tawab Shah,Abeer A Alhadi,Zaira Chowdhury,Lina A Al-Ani,Khanom Simarani,Wageeh A Yehya,Omer Saad

doi:10.3390/nano7100306

Syed Tawab Shah, Abeer A Alhadi + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7100306

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Journal: Nanomaterials	Publication Date: Oct 5, 2017
Citations: 105	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Malaya

Abstract

In this research, we report the size-controlled synthesis and surface-functionalization of magnetite with the natural antioxidant gallic acid (GA) as a ligand, using in situ and post-synthesis methods. GA functionalization provided narrow size distribution, with an average particle size of 5 and 8 nm for in situ synthesis of gallic acid functionalized magnetite IONP@GA1 and IONP@GA2, respectively, which are ultra-small particles as compared to unfunctionalized magnetite (IONP) and post functionalized magnetite IONP@GA3 with average size of 10 and 11 nm respectively. All the IONPs@GA samples were found hydrophilic with stable aggregation state. Prior to commencement of experimental lab work, PASS software was used to predict the biological activities of GA and it is found that experimental antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and antimicrobial studies using well diffusion method are in good agreement with the simulated results. Furthermore, the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of DPPH antioxidant assay revealed a 2–4 fold decrease as compared to unfunctionalized IONP. In addition to antioxidant activity, all the three IONP@GA proved outstanding antimicrobial activity while testing on different bacterial and fungal strains. The results collectively indicate the successful fabrication of novel antioxidant, antimicrobial IONP@GA composite, which are magnetically separable, efficient, and low cost, with potential applications in polymers, cosmetics, and biomedical and food industries.

Highlights

The role of antioxidants in maintaining healthy cells status is well‐defined, with a very large amount of research and published articles [1,2,3,4,5]
The Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP), In situ functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles IONP@GA1, IONP@GA2 and post‐functionalized IONP@GA3 are illustrated by Figure
The present investigation highlights the synergistic effect of the magnetite and gallic acid (GA), which leads to the enhancement of the free radical scavenging capacity of IONP@GA

Summary

Introduction

The role of antioxidants in maintaining healthy cells status is well‐defined, with a very large amount of research and published articles [1,2,3,4,5]. Nanoantioxidants constitute the upcoming antioxidant agents for therapeutic and industrial applications [6]. Their powerful activity is believed to present more effective dominance over various Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) [6]. Researchers have investigated antioxidant activity of various metal‐based nanocomposites, such as gold [7,8], platinum [9,10,11], iron [12,13,14], nickel oxide [15], ceria [16,17], and yttria [2,18], for applications as nanoantioxidants. The surface coating could be biocompatible, nontoxic and allow targeted drug delivery [30,31,32,33,34,35]

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