Abstract
Surface display is a recombinant technology that expresses target proteins on cell membranes and can be applied to almost all types of biological entities from viruses to mammalian cells. This technique has been used for various biotechnical and biomedical applications such as drug screening, biocatalysts, library screening, quantitative assays, and biosensors. In this review, the use of surface display technology in biosensor applications is discussed. In detail, phage display, bacterial surface display of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and eukaryotic yeast cell surface display systems are presented. The review describes the advantages of surface display systems for biosensor applications and summarizes the applications of surface displays to biosensors.
Highlights
A biosensor is an analytical device that selectively provides a quantitative response to a single or several analytes among thousands of compounds in complex samples such as physiological fluids including blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and saliva [1,2]
This review provides a brief and concise discussion of the application of surface display technology in the molecular recognition layer of biosensors
Glutamate dehydrogenase (GluDH) was surface displayed on the outer membrane of E. coli cells using ice nucleation protein (INP), and an amperometric glutamate biosensor was fabricated using surface-displayed E. coli cells [65]
Summary
A biosensor is an analytical device that selectively provides a quantitative response to a single or several analytes among thousands of compounds in complex samples such as physiological fluids including blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and saliva [1,2]. The molecular recognition layer is produced by the immobilization of a bioreceptor on the surface of the transducer to allow specific binding of a target analyte [1,4]. The cell membrane comprises various membrane proteins and other biomolecules that interact via covalent or non-covalent bonds [21,22] These membrane proteins play important roles in cell signaling, influencing the enzymatic environment, molecular transport, and cell identification. Among the functions of membrane proteins, receptor proteins can recognize signaling molecules, and this recognition is very similar to the role of the molecular recognition layer in biosensors [26] By using these membrane proteins and protein engineering, the designed protein can be displayed on the cell surface. This review provides a brief and concise discussion of the application of surface display technology in the molecular recognition layer of biosensors
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