Abstract
Eu-doped calcium fluoride (CaF2) single crystals co-doped with various concentrations of Gd3+ were grown by the Bridgman-Stockbarge method. A broad excitation band in the ultraviolet (UV) region were observed in the crystal, which is attributed to the existence of Eu2+ ions detected with the help of XPS measurements. The Gd3+ doping was found to have a significant influence on the luminescence properties of the Eu: CaF2, resulting in a suppression of Eu2+ luminescence and enhancement of Eu3+ emission at high Gd3+ co-doping level. The photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra of Eu2+ and Eu3+ ions were measured using luminescence spectrometer. The local site symmetry in the crystals was investigated to explain the influence of Gd3+ on suppression of Eu2+ luminescence and emission of 5D3→7FJ (J = 1, 2, 3) in Eu3+ transition. The fluorescence emissions of the 3%Eu, 6%Eu: CaF2 and 3%Eu, 12%Gd: CaF2 crystals excited at 398 nm relate to the Commission internationale de I’éclairage (CIE) color coordinates of (0.6012, 0.3870) and (0.5930, 0.3953), respectively. A highest quantum yield of 40.53% and 5D0→7F1 transition decay time of 9.54 ms were obtained on the 3%Eu, 6%Gd: CaF2 crystal. This investigation suggests that Eu, Gd: CaF2 has great potentials for optimizing solid state UV–visible converter performances through appropriate concentration tuning of dopants.
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