Abstract
ABSTRACTSummer-autumn tea leaf (SATL) is a waste tea plant resource which is not commonly used in tea industry due to its bitter and astringent taste. This study evaluated the effects of SATL-supplemented diet on broiler immune status. Accordingly, broilers were divided into control group and 3 SATL supplemented groups (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0%). The growth performance, immune organ index, serum antioxidant enzymes activity, sheep red blood cells (SRBC) Ab titers and Igs, as well as the Igs mRNA levels in the bursa of Fabricius were evaluated. The results showed that 1.0% and 2.0% SATL-supplemented diets significantly increased the relative thymus weight of broilers (P both < 0.05). 2.0% SATL treatment increased serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities (P both < 0.01). Further, the serum SRBC Ab titers were significantly higher in the SATL-supplemented groups, meanwhile, IgY and IgA levels were remarkably elevated in the 1.0% and 2.0% SATL groups (P all < 0.05). In addition, an increasing of IgY and IgA mRNA levels in the bursa of Fabricius were observed in the 1.0% SATL group (P < 0.01). In summary, supplemental SATL can improve broiler immune status which indicates the potential application of SATL in broiler dietary supplement.
Highlights
Tea plant (Camellia. sinensis) has been grown in Southeast Asia for thousands of years and is currently cultivated in more than 30 countries worldwide (Butt and Sultan 2009)
Tea leaf enhanced the growth performance and immune cell proliferation of a tea leaf-supplemented group compared with a control group in castrated male goats (Ahmed et al 2015), showed immunomodulatory potential for use as feed additives for lambs and piglets (Deng et al 2010; Zhong et al 2015), modulated cell-mediated responses in fish (Harikrishnan et al 2011) and exert stimulatory effects on humoral immune responses to particulate and no particulate antigens, including increased antibody (Ab) titers in sheep red blood cells (SRBC)immunized mice and elevated serum IgG and IgM levels in animals supplemented with tea leaf diets (Khan et al 2015)
At the end of the experiment, the body weight (BW) showed no significant alteration compared to the control group except the high dose Summer-autumn tea leaf (SATL) treatment group
Summary
Tea plant (Camellia. sinensis) has been grown in Southeast Asia for thousands of years and is currently cultivated in more than 30 countries worldwide (Butt and Sultan 2009). The tea polyphenols in the summer-autumn tea leaf are even more than those in the spring leaf (Erturk et al 2010) It indicated the potential application of these wasted leaves. Plant resources are favourable dietary supplements that are considered as efficient and safe immunity-improving agents (Khan et al 2012; Khan et al 2012; Sultan et al 2014). Including these tea leaves into animal diets may effectively resolve the problem associated with the utilization of tea plant resources. Tea leaf enhanced the growth performance and immune cell proliferation of a tea leaf-supplemented group compared with a control group in castrated male goats (Ahmed et al 2015), showed immunomodulatory potential for use as feed additives for lambs and piglets (Deng et al 2010; Zhong et al 2015), modulated cell-mediated responses in fish (Harikrishnan et al 2011) and exert stimulatory effects on humoral immune responses to particulate and no particulate antigens, including increased antibody (Ab) titers in sheep red blood cells (SRBC)immunized mice and elevated serum IgG and IgM levels in animals supplemented with tea leaf diets (Khan et al 2015)
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