Abstract
We apply the supernova(SN) extinction curves to reproduce the observed properties of SST J1604+4304 which is a young infrared (IR) galaxy at z = 1. The SN extinction curves used in this work were obtained from models of unmixed ejecta of type II supernovae(SNe II) for the Salpeter initial mass function (IMF) with a mass range from 8 to 30 M_sun or 8 to 40 M_sun. The effect of dust distributions on the attenuation of starlight is investigated by performing the chi-square fitting method against various dust distributions. These are the commonly used uniform dust screen, the clumpy dust screen, and the internal dust geometry. We add to these geometries three scattering properties, namely, no-scattering, isotropic scattering, and forward-only scattering. Judging from the chi-square values, we find that the uniform screen models with any scattering property provide good approximations to the real dust geometry. Internal dust is inefficient to attenuate starlight and thus cannot be the dominant source of the extinction. We show that the SN extinction curves reproduce the data of SST J1604+4304 comparable to or better than the Calzetti extinction curve. The Milky Way extinction curve is not in satisfactory agreement with the data unless several dusty clumps are in the line of sight. This trend may be explained by the abundance of SN-origin dust in these galaxies; SN dust is the most abundant in the young IR galaxy at z = 1, abundant in local starbursts, and less abundant in the Galaxy. If dust in SST J1604+4304 is dominated by SN dust, the dust production rate is about 0.1 M_sun per SN.
Highlights
Dust is a minor constituent in the Universe, but it plays crucial roles for evolution of various objects; for example, it cools gas clouds by radiating far-infrared emission, and acts as a catalyzer to form molecules
We show that the SN extinction curves reproduce the data of SST J1604+4304 comparable to or better than the Calzetti extinction curve
We examine two extinction curves synthesized in ejecta of SNe II, the empirical extinction curve derived by Calzetti (2001), and the Milky Way (MW) extinction curve given by Draine (2003)
Summary
Dust is a minor constituent in the Universe, but it plays crucial roles for evolution of various objects; for example, it cools gas clouds by radiating far-infrared (far-IR) emission, and acts as a catalyzer to form molecules. Calzetti, Kinney, & Storchi-Bergmann (1994) has shown that the extinction laws in the Milky Way and Large Magellanic Cloud cannot account for the ultraviolet (UV) to optical spectra of UV-bright starburst galaxies in the local Universe in a satisfactory way. They empirically derived the extinction law for these galaxies. We apply synthetic extinction curves on the unmixed ejecta models of SNe II by Hirashita et al (2005) to the broad-band SED of a young ultra luminous IR galaxy (ULIRG) SST J1604+4304 at z ∼ 1. The SED data at 13 photometric bands from B to 5.8μm are used for the following analysis; the longest Spitzer IRAC 8.0μm band is not used, because the dust emission may be greater than the starlight in this band corresponding to 3.7μm in the rest-frame
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