Superior cyclability of branch-like TiO 2 embedded on the mesoporous carbon nanofibers as free-standing anodes for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

Abstract For the poor capacity utilization and insufficient cyclability of TiO2/C anodes for lithium-ion batteries, we synthesized branch-like TiO2@mesoporous carbon nanofibers (TiO2@MCNFs) as free-standing anodes via electrospinning technique, hydrothermal treatment and a subsequent carbonization process, where anatase TiO2 branches were densely embedded on the mesoporous carbon nanofiber trunks. Due to the copious highly-exposed TiO2 nanocrystal lattices on the branch except for the trunk support, the abundant intrinsic crystal channels for fluent Li+ transportation, and the interlaced carbon nanofiber framework with a high structural integrity and mechanical flexibility, the branch-like TiO2@MCNFs composites presented a superior initial discharge capacity of 1932 mAhg−1 and an excellent reversible capacity of ∼617 mAhg−1 after 100 cycles. And compared with those of the reported TiO2/C electrodes, the initial discharge capacity and reversible capacity of the branch-like TiO2@MCNFs composites increased by ∼2 times and ∼50%, respectively. Hence, the unique architecture of the branch-like TiO2@MCNFs composites and their superior electrochemical performances may provide new insights for the development of better host materials for practical lithium-ion batteries.