Abstract
In nematic aerogels, their constituent fibers are oriented along the same direction. In liquid 3He filling such aerogels, the scattering of Fermi quasiparticles at ultralow temperatures becomes anisotropic. This makes it possible to obtain new superfluid phases of 3He, which are not observed in bulk 3He. In this article, results of NMR investigation of these new superfluid phases of 3He in aerogels with different porosities are compared. We describe the methods for identifying these phases and consider some topological defects observed in them.
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