Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Pyrrolidine Alkaloid from Leaves of Piper amalago L.

V S Carrara,L C Filho,E F Cunha-Júnior,D A G Cortez,E C Torres-Santos,V S Faiões,V A S Garcia

doi:10.1155/2017/7401748

Abstract

Supercritical fluid extraction was used to extract the alkaloid N-[7-(3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2(Z),4(Z)-heptadienoyl]pyrrolidine from leaves of Piper amalago L. A three-level orthogonal array design matrix, OAD OA9(34), was used for optimization of the parameters of supercritical extraction of the alkaloid, employing supercritical carbon dioxide: extraction time (20, 40, and 60 min), temperature (40, 50, and 60°C), pressure (150, 200, and 250 bar), and the use of cosolvents (ethanol, methanol, and propyleneglycol). All parameters had significant effect on the alkaloid yield. The alkaloid yield after 60 min of extraction without cosolvents at 9 different conditions (32) in terms of temperature (40, 50, and 60°C) and pressure (150, 200, and 250 bar) was also evaluated. The optimal yield (≈3.8 mg g−1) was obtained with supercritical CO2 + methanol (5% v : v) at 40°C and 200 bar for 60 min of extraction.

Highlights

Piper amalago L. (Piperaceae) is a shrub that spans a height of 2–7 m, distributed from Mexico to the south of Brazil
The objective of the present work was to identify and evaluate the previous operational parameters involved in the process of the extraction of alkaloid 1 from leaves of P. amalago L. using supercritical carbon dioxide
Particles with medium diameter of 0.757 mm were used for preparation of the extracts using supercritical carbon dioxide with or without cosolvents

Summary

Introduction

Piper amalago L. (Piperaceae) is a shrub that spans a height of 2–7 m, distributed from Mexico to the south of Brazil. Known as jaborandi-manso, it is traditionally used to treat heart problems, like hypertension, burns, inflammation [1, 2], and infections [3, 4]. The infusion of leaves is typically used to relieve intestinal colic [5], stomachaches [3], and muscle aches [6]. The alcoholature of the leaves is used during the bath to hydrate and treat the loss of hair [6]. The infusions of the roots are used as diuretic and against renal stones [5]. Pharmacological investigations have shown that the extracts from P. amalago leaves present anti-inflammatory [7], anxiogenic [8], diuretic, natriuretic, antilithiatic [9], healing [10], schistosomicidal [11], and antileishmanial activities [12]

Objectives

Methods

Results