Abstract
IntroductionSuperbugs are pathogenic micro-organism and especially a bacterium that has developed resistance to the medications normally used against it. As the superbug family increases, the need for appropriate diagnostic, treatment, prevention and control strategies cannot be over emphasized. Therefore, this work determined the distribution of superbug bacteria among patients on prolonged hospital admissions in three tertiary hospitals of Kano state, Nigeria.MethodsA descriptive cross sectional study was undertaken among 401 patients from medical, surgery, orthopedic and burn centre wards in a three tertiary hospitals in Kano state. A sample collected comprises wound/pus, urine, urine catheter and nasal intubation and were analysed using standard microbiological methods for Acinetobacter spp and other related nosocomial bacterial pathogens. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.ResultsOne hundred and thirty eight (138) isolates were recovered, from the studied participants. More than 80% of the nosocomial infections (NIs) were caused by Gram-negative bacteria, predominantly Escherichia coli, Klebseilla spp, Proteus spp, Pseudomona spp and Acinetobacter spp. In-vitro antibiotic susceptibility test revealed that acinetobacter were 100% resistant to amoxicillin, co-trimoxazole, perfloxacin and imipenem.ConclusionSuperbugs (Acinetobacter species) significantly contributed to delayed hospital admissions through observed 100% resistance to used antibiotics. The healthcare managers of these hospitals and the ministry of health need to take measures against this resistant bacteria (Acinetobacter spp) especially on prescribing antibiotics that showed 100% resistant from these studied hospitals.
Highlights
Antimicrobial resistant poses one of the most pressing public health threats worldwide [1]
Study area: the study was conducted at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital (MMSH) and Muhammad Abdullahi Wase Specialist Hospital (MAWSH) microbiology laboratory of each hospital, Kano state, Nigeria
This was in line with findings of Barma et al [20], who reported 7-80% of antibiotics resistant among the coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from Intensive Care Units of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Summary
Antimicrobial resistant poses one of the most pressing public health threats worldwide [1]. Bacterial infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are a growing threat worldwide [3] They are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries including Nigeria. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major problem in both hospital and community acquired infections [4, 5] Several intrinsic factors such as point mutation, gene amplification and extrinsic factors like horizontal transfer of resistant gene between bacteria within and across species by transposes, integrins or plasmids have been postulated for the development of resistance, which cannot be reduced once developed even by restricting the antibiotic usage. This study aimed at determining the superbugs-related prolonged admissions in three tertiary hospitals, Kano state, Nigeria
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