English

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Background and objective: Empiric treatment of urinary tract infections (UTI) is determined by the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of uropathogens in a population. There is increased resistance to the first line empirical drugs used in the treatment of urinary tract infection. This study was conducted to determine patterns of resistance amongst uropathogens in Amalapuram (India), to help establish local guidelines on treatment Of UTI. METHODOLOGY: This is a retrospective study on 323 urine cultures from July 2011 to June 2012. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and compared. Analysis was done using simple percentage method.. RESULTS: Out of the 323 samples subjected for culture, 152(47.06%) were positive for growth. Out of the 152 culture isolates, E. coli was the most common (46.7%) followed by Klebsiella spp (18.4%), Candida spp (8.5%), Staphylococcus aureus ( 7.8%), Pseudomonas spp (6.5%), Citrobacter spp(6.5% ), Proteus spp (2.6%), and Acinetobacter spp( 2.6%). All bacterial isolates were 100 % sensitive to Imipenem except Pseudomonas and Klebsiella which were 90 % and 92.8 % sensitive respectively. All the isolates were 100 % resistant to Ampicillin except Staphylococci which was 16.6 % sensitive. E. coli and Klebsiella were sensitive in range of 21.1% to 50 % to Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, and Cefotaxime. Staphylococci were 100 % sensitive to Vancomycin followed by 91.6 % sensitive to Linezolid, Cefotaxime and Amikacin. Acinetobacter and Proteus were having 100% sensitivity to Amikacin and Ciprofloxacin. CONCLUSION: The alarming rate of resistance to Ciprofloxacin, Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone , SXT and Ampicillin for major urinary isolate E. coli and Klebsiella, precludes the use of these commonly used antibiotics for empiric treatment of UTI in India. . Urine culture for screening and diagnosis is recommended.