Abstract
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has been highlighted as a promising platform chemical and a keystone for the implementation of carbohydrate-based biorefineries. However, substrate cost remains a hurdle for the industrialization of HMF. Using Cr, Zr, and Ti precursors, three novel bifunctional catalysts with sulfosuccinic acid as ligand were developed, and their catalytic properties tested on the synthesis of HMF. Cr-SSA was the most effective in producing HMF, reaching 60% yield after 3 h. Similar results were obtained from sucrose, reaching 60% molar yield. Kinetic models were developed to provide a better understanding of the reactions’ pathway, suggesting that glucose-to-fructose isomerization was the preferred pathway for HMF formation when using Cr-SSA.
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