Abstract
In the last four decades, one of the most important advances in organometallic catalysis has been the use of molecular catalysts in two-phase liquid-liquid systems, commonly known as biphasic catalysis, in which one of the phases is polar (where the catalyst is usually found) and the other non-polar (where the substrate and eventually the product are found). For the particular case when water is used as the polar phase it is called aqueous-biphasic catalysis. The role of transition metal complexes as catalysts for aqueous-biphasic hydrogenation and hydroformylation has been extensively investigated throughout this period of time. The present article provides an overview of the disclosed work by a number of research laboratories including ours, which shows the most recent industrial applications or possible applications of water-soluble complexes as pre-catalysts in hydrogenation and hydroformylation reactions, using mainly alkenes presents in refinery naphtha cuts and biomass components as substrates. This review also includes a study of the interfacial phenomena, which has allowed the development of several approaches for the study of the solubility of long chain substrates in hydrogenation and hydroformylation reactions in biphasic-aqueous media.
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