Suitability of soil in Ukpiovwin community in Udu LGA of Delta state for oil palm plantation based on its physicochemical properties

Abstract

Soils of Ukpiovwin community in Udu LGA of Delta State were evaluated for suitability for oil palm cultivation based on its physicochemical properties. Suitability of soils for oil palm was assessed using FAO’s land and soil requirement and suitability ratings. Soil texture classes identified were dominated by clay. The soils were slightly acidic, with pH ranged from 4.49 to 6.40. The results showed that certain land characteristics such as, mean annual temperature, rainfall, soil depth and drainage were rated highly suitable (S1) to marginal suitable (S2), organic matter, total nitrogen, and potassium were rated highly suitable (S1) Available phosphorus and ECEC were generally low and rated as marginally suitable (S3) for oil palm cultivation in the study area. The main limiting factors that lower the suitability of these soils for oil palm establishment in the area were the soil texture which is clay and the low level of phosphorus available the soil. In order to enhance the soil condition and raise the productivity of the land to an ideal level, focus should be put on soil management practices that will improve the soil’s ability to effectively drain water in order to prevent water logging and keep water at ≥20cm below soil surface. The amount of phosphorus available in the soil can be increased through the application of phosphate fertilizer and through installation of erosion control measures such as bunds, platforms, and terraces to lessen losses of native and applied phosphate in surface run-off water and eroded soil.