Abstract
Our aim was to conduct an umbrella review of evidence from meta-analyses of observational studies investigating the link between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and human health outcomes. Using predefined evidence classification criteria, we evaluated evidence from 47 meta-analyses encompassing 22,055,269 individuals. Overall, 79% of these analyses indicated direct associations between greater sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and higher risks of adverse health outcomes. Convincing evidence (classI) supported direct associations between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and risks of depression, cardiovascular disease, nephrolithiasis, type2 diabetes mellitus, and higher uric acid concentrations. Highly suggestive evidence (classII) supported associations with risks of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and dental caries. Out of the remaining 40meta-analyses, 29 were graded as suggestive or weak in the strength of evidence (classesIII and IV), and 11 showed no evidence (classV). These findings inform and provide support for population-based and public health strategies aimed at reducing sugary drink consumption for improved health.
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