Sugar dependence: Association with psychiatric disorders, gender and obesity

Abstract

s / Drug and Alcohol Dependence 140 (2014) e169–e251 e189 Are personality disorders or ADHD linked to cocaine-induced psychosis in cocaine-dependent patients? Carlos Roncero1,2,3, C. Daigre1,2, L. Grau-Lopez1,2, N. Martinez-Luna1,2, L. Rodriguez-Cintas1,2, L. Miquel1,2, C. Barral1,2, D. Bachiller1,2, O. Esculies4, A. Egido2, N. Voltes2, J. Perez-Pazos1, J. Alvaros2, B. Gonzalvo1, M. Casas1,3 1 Psychiatry, Hospital Vall Hebron, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain 2 Outpatient Drug Clinic Vall Hebron, Hospital Vall Hebron-ASPB, Barcelona, Spain 3 Psychiatry, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain 4 Mental Health, Proyecto Hombre, Barcelona, Spain Aims: Cocaine induced psychosis (CIP) is common but not present in all cases. A lifetime diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) has been proposed to be associated with the CIP. However, the evidence for these associations is proving to be controversial. To study the presence of CIP in a large sample of cocaine-dependent patients (615, 78.5% men; 35.5(18–69 yo), SD 8.04) and to determine the relationship between ASPD, BPD or ADHD and CIP. Methods: A structured interview about psychotic symptoms anddrugdependencewas systematically conductedwith586of the patients. The SCID-II and CAA-DID-II were used to identify ASPD, BPD or ADHD comorbidity. Finally, we included 314 patients in the study (80.3% men; 35.7(20–63 yo), SD=7.93). We conducted a descriptive analysis and then we used Chi Square to study qualitative variables. Results: CIP were detected in 59.8% of the sample studied. We identified a significant association between CIP and both adult ADHD (X2 =10.84, p= .001) and ASPD (X2 =5.30, p= .022). We failed to identify association between CIP and BPD (X2 =2.11, p= .145). However, we discovered an association between history of cannabis-dependence and CIP (X2 =7.30, p= .007). Conclusions: We hole that CIP is related to ASPD, ADHD and cannabis-dependence lifetime comorbidity in cocaine-dependent patients. These findings can also be useful for a clinical approach and to avoid the risk of a psychotic state in cocaine-dependent patients. Financial support:We are grateful for theGrant of theDepartament de Salut. Government of Catalonia. Spain for studding cocaine dependence. We are grateful for the Grant FIS EC07/90713 of the Instituto Carlos III, of the Spanish Government “Eficacia de la cafeina en el mantenimiento de la dependencia de la cocaina”. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.528 Sugar dependence: Association with psychiatric disorders, gender and obesity Marco Aurelio C. Rosa1, C.M. Gomes2, F. Kessler1, E.F. Ferreira2, F. Pechansky1 1 Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil 2 Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte,