Abstract
This research aims to explore the ulama tradition through the biography and thoughts of Hamzah Fansuri, a leading scholar and writer during the Aceh sultanate in the 16th century AD. Through a qualitative and historical approach, this research analyzes Hamzah Fansuri's works and explores his Sufism thoughts. includes the concepts of metaphysics, ethics and theology. Data was collected from a variety of primary and secondary sources, including classic manuscripts and contemporary academic studies. The results of this research show that Hamzah Fansuri not only played a role as a propagator of Sufism but also as a pioneer in Malay literature who succeeded in integrating local and Islamic elements in his work. It is hoped that this research can make a significant contribution to the study of Islamic intellectual history in the archipelago and inspire further research on other classical scholars.
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