Abstract
We discuss effects in \ensuremath{\beta} decays at very low \ensuremath{\beta} energies, of the order of the kinetic energies of atomic electrons. As the \ensuremath{\beta} energy is lowered the atomic response changes from sudden to adiabatic. As a consequence, the \ensuremath{\beta} decay rate increases slightly and the ejection of atomic electrons (shake-off) and subsequent production of x rays is turned off. We estimate the transition energy, and the change in decay rate. The rate increase is largest in heavy atoms, which have a small Q value in their decay. The x-ray switch-off is independent of the Q value.
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