Subtypes of Premorbid Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Clinical Outcomes in Older Adults.

Chu-Sheng Lin,Chi-Hung Lin,Wei-Ju Lee,Liang-Kung Chen,Shih-Yi Lin,Ran-Chou Chen,Hui-Ping Lin

doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.698728

Abstract

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome has been shown to be a risk for new onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes. The subclasses of metabolic syndrome and any associated adverse health outcomes remain obscure. This study aimed to explore potential subtypes of metabolic syndrome, their associations with incidental diabetes, and any Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE).MethodsData for the retrospective cohort study were extracted from the New Taipei City Elderly Health Examination Database in the years 2014 and 2016. Demographic data, status of metabolic syndrome, its components, and latent class analysis (LCA) were analyzed. All participants were aged 65 years and older, with those having a prior history of CVD, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus (DM), and currently taking medications for hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were excluded.ResultsA total of 4,537 senior citizens were enrolled, with 2,207 (48.6%) of them identified as men. The prevalence of both metabolic syndrome and central obesity was increased with age. A 4-latent class model was fitted for participants diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. The central obesity (ABD)+ hyperglycemia (GLU)+ reduced HDL-C (HDL)+ high Blood Pressure (BP) group displayed the highest hazard ratio (HR) for predicting the new onset of diabetes, while the ABD+HDL+BP group showed a high risk for both CVD and MACE when compared after 2 years of follow-up.ConclusionsThis epidemiological analysis demonstrated that the risks of developing new-onset diabetes, CVD, and MACE varied among the different subtypes of metabolic syndrome.

Highlights

Metabolic syndrome has been shown to be a risk for new onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes
The central obesity (ABD)+ hyperglycemia (GLU)+ reduced HDLC (HDL)+ high Blood Pressure (BP) group displayed the highest hazard ratio (HR) for predicting the new onset of diabetes, while the ABD+HDL+BP group showed a high risk for both CVD and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) when compared after 2 years of follow-up
This epidemiological analysis demonstrated that the risks of developing new-onset diabetes, CVD, and MACE varied among the different subtypes of metabolic syndrome

Summary

Introduction

Metabolic syndrome has been shown to be a risk for new onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes. The subclasses of metabolic syndrome and any associated adverse health outcomes remain obscure. This study aimed to explore potential subtypes of metabolic syndrome, their associations with incidental diabetes, and any Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE). Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for CVD morbidity and mortality, diabetes, and all-cause mortality [3]. CVD is the main poor outcome resulting from metabolic syndrome, which has been shown in many studies [4,5,6,7]. Previous studies have clearly demonstrated consistent and strong associations between age and prevalence of metabolic syndrome [9,10,11]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion