Abstract
Objective: We conducted a well-designed prevalence study in a rural population of Haryana in Mullana rural area to find out the latest prevalence of essential hypertension, the prescription pattern of antihypertensive drugs and the associated risk of new onset of diabetes.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on the patient data (2672 patients) from the years 2009 to 2013 at OPD of M. M. University hospital, Mullana to find the previous year’s prevalence of different diseases, including essential hypertension, new onset of diabetes and associated risk factors, prescription pattern of antihypertensive drug therapy. Based on the above results, a prospective study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2016 and total 510 patients (270 essential hypertension and 240 essential hypertension with new onset of diabetes) and 270 normal individuals were recruited in the study.Results: The retrospective study, a total of 2672 patients' data was evaluated which showed 41.21% prevalence of essential hypertension, 11.83% new onset of diabetes in Essential hypertension patients and 15.87% diabetic patients. Antihypertensive monotherapy was prescribed to 59.85% patients and combination therapy to 40.15% patients while that of a prospective study showed 40.37% patients of monotherapy and 59.63% patients of combination therapy. The prospective study also showed that different anthropometric parameters were significantly associated with risk of hypertension and new onset of diabetes except for age and height.Conclusion: An increase in the prevalence of essential hypertension and associated risk factors was observed when compared with previous studies and retrospective study. It is clearly seen by the change in drug therapy pattern and different anthropometric parameters. Implementation of a large scale awareness program is needed to combat these metabolic diseases.
Highlights
Chronic diseases like hypertension and diabetes mellitus are prevailing at an epidemic scale throughout the world due to continuous chronic change in the lifestyle pattern of mankind, which further lead to high mortality rates [1, 2]
Essential hypertension with new onset of diabetes was more prevalent in females (7.26%) than males (4.57%) among those visited the university hospital
We found a very high prevalence of essential hypertension (41.21%) and diabetes (15.87%) in the overall population which is slightly higher than the previous study conducted in the same population area by Gupta et al, 2011 [12]
Summary
Chronic diseases like hypertension and diabetes mellitus are prevailing at an epidemic scale throughout the world due to continuous chronic change in the lifestyle pattern of mankind, which further lead to high mortality rates [1, 2]. Many studies found a close association of essential hypertension with diabetes mellitus as both share a common metabolic pathway and both affect the pathophysiology of one another [5, 6]. Co-existence of hypertension and diabetes at a single time in an individual is 75% more dangerous than either a single disease which increases the risk of another cardiovascular disease such as coronary heart disease, nephropathy, retinopathy and stroke [8, 9]. Even it is very hard to control hypertension in patients who have developed diabetes and a combination of antihypertensive therapies is needed to take control over high blood pressure [11]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
