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Abstract
This is a contemporary study of rapidly quenched Nd1.6X0.4Fe14B magnetic materials (where X= Nd, Y, Ce, La, Pr, Gd and Ho). A 20% substitution of the Nd component from Nd2Fe14B can bring about some commercial advantage. However, there will be some compromise to the magnetic performance. Light rare earth elements are definitely more abundant (Y, Ce, La) than the heavier rare earth elements, but when they are included in RE2Fe14B magnets they tend to lower magnetic performance and thermal stability. Substituting heavy rare earth elements (Gd, Ho) for Nd in Nd2Fe14B improves the thermal stability of magnets but causes a loss in magnet remanence.
Highlights
Nd-Fe-B based magnets are firmly established as the preferred permanent magnetic material for numerous applications in the automotive and electronics industries
Light rare earth elements are definitely more abundant (Y, Ce, La) than the heavier rare earth elements, but when they are included in RE2Fe14B magnets they tend to lower magnetic performance and thermal stability
Substituting heavy rare earth elements (Gd, Ho) for Nd in Nd2Fe14B improves the thermal stability of magnets but causes a loss in magnet remanence
Summary
Nd-Fe-B based magnets are firmly established as the preferred permanent magnetic material for numerous applications in the automotive and electronics industries. Recent issues with the price and availability of rare earth elements have caused magnet users to look for alternatives. This study will revisit these compositions with modern sample fabrication techniques, testing procedures and an awareness for raw material values. In this study 20% of the Nd component in Nd2Fe14B alloys was replaced with the alternative RE elements of Y, Ce, La, Pr, Gd and Ho. Rapidly quenched powders of these alloys were fabricated into bonded magnets and the magnetic performance and thermal stability of these samples were compared
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