Abstract
Abstract Cyclohexanone (1) and one of its 2-alkyl (methyl, ethyl, or propyl) derivatives (2) were hydrogenated competitively at 30 °C in cyclohexane over platinum group metals. The alkyl derivatives 2 were all less reactive than 1 on all the catalysts used. The relative reactivity R2⁄R1 was given by log10(R2⁄R1)=σ**+k, with σ** depending only upon the substituent and k upon the catalyst. The greater the substituent size, the more negative was the substituent constant σ**. The catalyst-dependent constant K was in general more negative for a catalyst metal having a smaller atomic radius. The above empirical rate expression has been interpreted based on the absolute reaction rate theory. The σ** values calculated on this theoretical ground were in excellent agreement with the observed values.
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