Abstract
Aim: to determine the factors of influence on the magnitude of logistics costs and developing measures to minimize them. Materials and methods. The methods used in the study include the expert, systematic method of scientific knowledge, structural analysis, the method of abstract modeling. An expert method was conducted with the help of questionnaires of specialists of pharmaceutical companies, pharmacies and wholesale pharmaceutical companies. 118 respondents participated in the survey. The degree of consistency of expert opinions was determined with the help of the coefficient of concordance, which is 0.8374 (the normative value of the coefficient of concordance is 0.75), the Pearson criterion also exceeds the table value for the corresponding number of degrees of freedom, which testifies to the non-randomness of their judgments. Results. The factors influencing the amount of logistics costs are determined. The internal factors of influence include the activities of the subject of the pharmaceutical industry, assortment structure and structure of the use of substances and materials, the magnitude of stocks, etc. External factors of influence are the level of prices for logistics services provided by outside organizations; rate of transport tax; environmental taxes etc.; competitors suppliers of substances and materials; consumers; intermediaries; legislative base, etc. The conducted questioning of specialists and taking into account the current experience of leading foreign pharmaceutical companies allowed to determine the main measures to minimize logistics costs for all parts of the logistics system - procurement, production, transportation, storage, distribution and recycling, and types of flows - material, financial, information, labor. Conclusions. Based on the carried out research, the factors influencing the magnitude of logistics costs, which experts are divided into external and internal, are determined. The matrix of the components of LV savings is proposed, which takes into account the type of flow and the links of the logistic system. The constructed matrix allows to minimize the amount of LV, which helps to reduce the price of drugs for the end user.
Highlights
SUBSTANTIATION OF THE MECHANISM OFOne of the directions of research of the logistic system (LS) in developed countries is connected with the definitionLOGISTIC EXPENDITURE MINIMIZATION BY SUBJECTS OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY of the relationship of logisticsRita Sahaidak-Nikitiuk and production costs, that is, the Doctor of Pharmacy, Professor costs of warehouse and transport Department of Processes and Apparatuses for Chemical and facilities, inventories, produc- Svetlana Velma53 Pushkinska str., Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002 been aimed at minimizing costs for the purchase of substances and materials, at the stage of production – to minimize costs for the production of a series of drugs; at the stage of transportation – to increase the use of vehicles
On the basis of the study, it was determined that the value of logistics costs (LC) is significantly influenced by both external and internal factors
Internal factors of influence are the scope of the pharmaceutical industry subjects (PIS), the assortment structure and structure of the use of substances and materials, the magnitude of stocks, etc
Summary
One of the directions of research of the logistic system (LS) in developed countries is connected with the definition. Rita Sahaidak-Nikitiuk and production costs, that is, the Doctor of Pharmacy, Professor costs of warehouse and transport Department of Processes and Apparatuses for Chemical and facilities, inventories, produc- Svetlana Velma. The urgency of studying and improving the management of logistics costs (LC) is due to their significant share in the structure of the cost of goods. The share of LC in the value of goods is about 30 % in the food industry, 26–27 % in the chemical industry (including pharmaceuticals), 16 % in the manufacture of electronic and electrical products [1]. There is data on the share of LC in the gross domestic product of different countries. According to the famous logistics specialist R. LC in developed countries are on average 12 % of GNP [3]
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