SUBSTANTIATION OF PHARMACOLOGICAL CORRECTION OF THE MINERAL COMPOSITION OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

Abstract

The pharmacological correction of the mineral composition of animal nutrition has been substantiated. The analysis of the results of studies of fodder by veterinary laboratories of the Novosibirsk region for the period 2018–2019 was carried out. It has been established that in the production of animal fodder such crops as wheat, barley, oats, millet, corn, peas, and soybeans are used. Cereals make up about 85% of the compound fodder, legumes – 45%. It is noted that the mass fraction of moisture and dry matter in all types of animal fodder is within the permissible ranges of the norm. In winter cows are fed with hay, silage and mixed fodder. So protein deficiency (10.69 ± 0.35%) occurs for milk yield above 10 kg per day. The largest amount of crude protein is contained in the meal (36.48 ± 1.31%), the least is in silage (3.08 ± 0.12%). Crude fat is mainly contained in the millcake (9.68 ± 0.83%), and its minimum content is characterized by feed concentrates (0.49 ± 0.39%). Rough forage – hay and straw are rich in fiber (27.04 ± 0.58 and 36.87 ± 1.29%, respectively). A low level of calcium was found in fodder such as silage and grain used for feed purposes – 2.07 ± 0.11 and 2.22 ± 0.21 g / kg, respectively. Potassium deficiency was detected in compound animal fodder (2.75–3.03 g / kg), which requires correction of the diet. A low phosphorus content is noted in roughage, silage, grain (0.07–0.27%). The forage obtained during the ensiling process is provided with zinc at 8.02 ± 1.51 mg / kg, which is a low figure. The iron content in the compound feed is at an average level of supply – 40–50 mg / kg. Evaluation of the mineral composition of different types of feed showed the highest frequency of deviations in the amount of zinc – 42.5%. There are also significant fluctuations in the content of phosphorus and calcium in feed – 26.25 and 23.75%, respectively.