Применение солодовых ростков в комбикормах КР-1 при кормлении молодняка крупного рогатого скота

Abstract

Aim. Development of KR-1 concentrate compound feed compositions with the inclusion of malt sprouts, determination of the optimal rates for the introduction of malt sprouts into the compound feed for calves aged 10-75 days. Materials and Methods. In the course of the study, zootechnical, biochemical and mathematical methods of analysis were used. The obtained digital material was processed by the method of variation statistics, taking into account the Student's t-test, using the Microsoft Excel software package. Results. On the basis of the control feedings carried out for the period of the experiment, the actual diet of calves was established, which consisted of 64-67% milk and 24-25% of the starter compound feed. The rest of the ration consisted of corn and oats, cereal-legume hay and forb haylage. In terms of nutritional value and metabolic energy content, the differences between the groups were minimal from 2.27 feed. Units and 21 mj in 1 control up to 2.3 feed. Units and 21.7 mj in 2 experimental. The results of groups 3 and 4 were within the ranges listed above. The difference in the consumption of dry matter is slightly greater, so in the control group – 1396 g, in the experimental group it is 5.6-6.9% more. The higher consumption of compound feed by the experimental animals also contributed to the higher level of protein in the diet of 322-324 g versus 306 g in the control. As a result of feeding various mixed fodders, it was found that the sugar-protein ratio was 1.04 in the control, in the experimental ones it was at the level of 0.98-1.0, the energy-protein ratio was 0.3, the gross energy of the diet was 28.4 mj in the control. Experienced 29.9-30.2 mj, the coefficient of energy use to maintain 0.8, the ratio of calcium to phosphorus in all diets was 1.24-1.27 Conclusion. The highest productivity was noted in calves of the 2nd experimental group containing 5% malt sprouts in the compound feed, which amounted to an average of 806 g per head per day for 65 days of the experiment. Increase in the concentration of malt sprouts in compound feed by 5 and 10 pp. reduced live weight gain by 1.4 and 7.5%, respectively. Given that the 5% level in compound feed allowed an increase in growth by 9.3%. This influence, both positive in the 2nd experimental group, and negative in the 3rd and 4th groups, was also reflected in the feed costs for obtaining an increase, decreasing them by 7.3% and increasing by 2.3 and 8.5%, respectively. As a result, the expenditures of metabolic energy per 1 kg of gain in the control group were lower than in 3 and 4 experimental groups, the same tendency persisted in the consumption of crude protein for gain. More detailed indicators of the energy efficiency of the fed rations showed that the energy gain was 8.05 MJ in the 2 experimental group, which was fed with compound feed with 5% malt sprouts, the second result was a control of 7.1 MJ, and the 3 and 4 experimental groups were 1.5 and 9 , 2% were lower, respectively. The expenditures of exchange energy per 1 MJ in the increase in live weight in the 2 experimental group were lower than the control indicator by 0.26 MJ, and in the 3 experimental group – by 0.39 and in the 4 – by 0.64 MJ higher.