Abstract
Two mechanisms for production of an ensemble of atoms in a highly excited state with very narrow distribution of the atomic center-of-mass momentum (cold Rydberg atoms) are proposed. The mechanisms are based on velocity-selective $\ensuremath{\pi}$ pulses and coherent population trapping in three-level cascade systems with the uppermost state being the Rydberg one. Both methods permit one to reach subrecoil temperatures of the Rydberg atoms.
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