Submission of a WECC DFIG Wind Turbine Model to Spanish Operation Procedure 12.3

Francisco Jiménez-Buendía,Raquel Villena-Ruiz,Andrés Honrubia-Escribano,Ángel Molina-García,Emilio Gómez-Lázaro

doi:10.3390/en12193749

Francisco Jiménez-Buendía, Raquel Villena-Ruiz + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/en12193749

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Abstract

Power systems are currently witnessing a high wind-power penetration due to the development and commissioning of an increasing number of wind-power plants. This new scenario inevitably changes the way power systems are operated, mainly due to the uncertainties associated with wind, with the proper integration of this renewable energy source into the grid emerging as a new challenge. Unlike other highly flexible energy sources that can be used on demand according to the market needs, wind energy production is intermittent and non-dispatchable. In this context, transient stability analyses through the dynamic simulation of wind-turbine models and wind-power plants must be carried out. Moreover, as many countries have their own grid codes, the compliance requirements to connect wind farms to the network may be significantly different, depending on the specific region. In light of the above, this paper addresses the submission to Spanish Operation Procedure 12.3 (PO 12.3), for the first time, of one of the most advanced wind-turbine models, the generic Type 3 or doubly fed induction generator defined by the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) Second-Generation guidelines. The results show, on the one hand, the notable effect of the transformer inrush current, which influences the accuracy of the behavior of the generic wind-turbine model, and, on the other hand, the inability of the generic model to represent the transient periods of actual wind turbines. However, when the validation criteria is applied at the low-voltage measurement point, the WECC model fully complies with Spanish grid code PO 12.3.

Highlights

In order to reduce the tight dependence on fossil fuels used to cover global energy consumption, renewable energy resources are of great importance
The red line represents the voltage dip measured at the actual wind turbine (WT), the blue line represents the voltage dip reproduced by the detailed WT model, and the orange line corresponds to the voltage dip reproduced by the generic Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) WT simulation model
There exists a good correlation between the three signals, so it can be said that the voltage dip measured was accurately reproduced at both WT simulation models

Summary

Introduction

In order to reduce the tight dependence on fossil fuels used to cover global energy consumption, renewable energy resources are of great importance. It is of prime importance to develop a clear strategy to help achieve this objective, one that fosters the stability required to attract investments and seeks a consensus to promote a higher participation of renewable energies in countries’ electricity mix. Among the different renewable energy sources, wind power has experienced considerable growth in recent years, reaching a total installed capacity of 539,581 MW in 2017 [2]. Europe currently has a total installed capacity of 189 GW of wind power, of which 11.7 GW was installed in 2018 [3]. Spain is one of the world’s leading countries with 23,484 MW, ranking fifth in the world and covering approximately 19% of the average annual electricity demand during 2018 [3]

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