Abstract
Streptococcus suis is one of the most important swine pathogens, which can cause persistent infection by forming biofilms. In this study, sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC) of rhubarb water extracts were found to inhibit biofilm formation. Two-component signal transduction systems (TCSs), transcriptional regulators, and DNA binding proteins were compared under two conditions: (1) cells treated with sub-MIC rhubarb water extracts and (2) untreated cells. Using an isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) strategy, we found that TCSs constituent proteins of histidine kinase and response regulator were significantly down-regulated. This down-regulation can affect the transfer of information during biofilm formation. The transcriptional regulators and DNA binding proteins that can interact with TCSs and interrupt gene transcription were also significantly altered. For these reasons, the levels of protein expressions varied in different parts of the treated vs. untreated cells. In summary, rhubarb water extracts might serve as potential inhibitor for the control of S. suis biofilm formation. The change in TCSs, transcriptional regulators, and DNA binding proteins may be important factors in S. suis biofilm inhibition.
Highlights
Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a Gram-positive bacterium and it is considered to be one of the most important swine pathogens worldwide
The results demonstrated that the rhubarb water extracts could obviously reduce biofilm formation, especially 1/2 minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (Figures 1, 2)
1/2 MIC of rhubarb water extracts were added to the wells at 0, 24, or 48 h, and the wells were assayed after incubation for 72 h without shaking
Summary
Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a Gram-positive bacterium and it is considered to be one of the most important swine pathogens worldwide. It can cause meningitis, arthritis, septicemia, bronchopneumonia, and other pathological conditions (Zhao et al, 2015). At least 29 S. suis serotypes have been identified. In China, up to 70% of S. suis isolates accounting for systemic diseases in piglets are serotype 2. The diseases caused by S. suis 2 are difficult to cure, as S. suis serotype 2 can induce persistent in vivo infections as a result of biofilm formation (Zhao et al, 2015)
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