Abstract
Mapping seafloor geomorphology is a complex task requiring the integration of advanced cartographic technologies and high-resolution spatial data. This paper provides a comparative geomorphological analysis of the Hellenic Trench (HT) and the Pliny Trench (PT) located in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, southern Greece. These trenches were formed as a result of the tectonic plate subduction in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: the northward motion of the African and Arabian plates, complicated by the regional geological settings, such as active faults and earthquakes, which resulted in their different geomorphological forms and bathymetric shapes. Technically, this paper presents an example of the advanced scripting mapping by scripting the cartographic toolset of Generic Mapping Tools (GMT), which performs mapping through shell scripts. The maps are based on the high-quality topographic, geological and geophysical data: GEBCO, EGM96, geoid, and marine free-air gravity fields. The GMT builds upon the modules used for data processing. The region was subsetted by ‘grdcut’, analysed by the Geospatial Data Abstraction Library (GDAL) (gdalinfo utility), and visualized by ‘grdimage’. Two segments of the trenches formed in a condition of varying geological and geophysical settings, have been modelled, visualized and compared, as representative cross-sections. As a result of the automated digitizing, spatial interpolation and sequential aggregating of GMT codes, the segments of the cross-sections were represented. The HT (Ionian segment) has an asymmetric one-sided shape; a steepness of 56.8° on the NE side and 7° on the SW flank. The PT has a more symmetric view; a steepness of 42.14° on its NW flank and 26.66° on its SE flank. The PT has a clear peak of the depths at -2600 to -2800 m and the most representative data range at -5000 to -6000 m. The HT has a bimodal data distribution with two peaks. The most frequent data for HT is -3200 m to -3400 m. Compared to PT, the HT is deeper. The histogram shows the peak of data for HT in the interval between -3200 to -3400 m (135 samples) while the PT shows the peak of data in the interval at -2600 to -2800 m (310 samples). Besides, 105 samples of the HT have depths exceeding 4000 m, while only 20 samples were recorded for PT in the same interval. This paper contributes to the geomorphological studies of the general Eastern Mediterranean Sea region, particularly relating to regional seafloor mapping of the Hellenic and Pliny trenches.
Highlights
The geomorphology of the seafloor, interpreted from bathymetric models, gives information about the geological processes on the Earth’s surface
An analysis has been carried out based on a series of thematic maps and geomorphological models supported by the review of the existing extensive literature on the geology of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Hellenic Trench (Armijo et al, 1999; Baltatzis et al, 2009; Diogou et al, 2019; Fytikas et al, 1984; Ieite and Mascle, 1982)
More detailed studies on the sediment structure of the Hellenic Trench can be found in Blan pied and Stanley (1981) who describe the depositional origin of fine-grained marine sediments caused by the well-exposed mudstone formations in the mountain chains in Greece and the Eastern Mediterranean Sea
Summary
The geomorphology of the seafloor, interpreted from bathymetric models, gives information about the geological processes on the Earth’s surface. Methods of studying the seafloor and its geomorphology are diverse These include using direct observations by specific software such as Atlas Hydrosweep DS-2, Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation and the Trimble system (Gauger et al, 2007), or indirect modelling through the magnetic and gravimetric measurements with regards to the Earth’s. Various methodological approaches are used in the GIS visualization and data analysis These include, for example, geostatistical analysis, spatial metrics and statistical modelling in civil engineering (Klaučo et al, 2013a, 2013b; Lemenkov and Lemenkova, 2021a, 2021b; Dobrilović et al 2021), mining and technological industrial works (Briševac et al, 2021), petrographic and geochemical analyses, studies of sedimentary rocks and seafloor characteristics (Bilić et al, 2021; Nu groho and Putra, 2020), and gravity modelling (Truffert et al, 1993).
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
