Abstract
In the present study, the effects of sublethal concentrations of buprofezin on life-table traits of S. furcifera were evaluated for two consecutive generations (F0 and F1). Our results exhibited that the fecundity, life span (longevity) and hatchability of the F0 and F1 generations were significantly decreased at LC30 compared to the control. However, copulation was not significantly affected for the F0 or F1 generations at sublethal concentrations. The female life span was affected negatively at both treatments in F0 and at LC30 in F1, compared to the control. Furthermore, significant effects of the sublethal concentrations were found on the developmental rate of all instars except the 3rd instar of F1. However, the pre-adult period, total pre-oviposition period (TPOP) and adult pre-oviposition period (APOP) significantly increased in F1 individuals at LC30 and LC10 compared to the control. Our findings revealed that demographic characters (survival rate, intrinsic rate of increase (ri), finite rate of increase (λ), net reproductive rate (R0), and gross reproductive rate (GRR)) of the F1 generation (from F0 parents) significantly decreased compared to the untreated group; however, the generation time (T) increased at LC10. Therefore, the results suggested that buprofezin could adversely affect individuals in the successive generation.
Highlights
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the 2nd main food source for more than half of the world’s population and affects the livelihood and income of one hundred million people[1]
The toxicity level of buprofezin to 3rd instar S. furcifera is presented in Table 1; the estimated the LC10, LC30, LC50, and LC100 values are 0.173 mg a.i
In order to evaluate the sublethal effects, 3rd instar S. furcifera nymph were exposed to these sublethal concentrations of buprofezin, the 120-h mortality of nymphs were 6.616 ± 0.925, 12.21 ± 0.845 and 30.11 ± 1.352% for control, LC10 and LC30 of buprofezin, respectively
Summary
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the 2nd main food source for more than half of the world’s population and affects the livelihood and income of one hundred million people[1]. Outbreaks of the WBPH have damaged rice crops at the immature growth stage by transmitting southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) This virus was first reported at a location in Yangxi, Guandong Province, China in 20013. The insect pests are exposed to sublethal concentrations of insecticides[10], is a common approach in agro-ecosystems due to the fact that the pesticides degraded after initial www.nature.com/scientificreports/. Such exposure of insecticides may impair various key biological traits of the exposed insects through sublethal effects[10]. Some reports have found that sublethal concentrations of insecticides affect growth and increased the productivity and developmental duration in insect, for S. furcifera, the population growth was inhibited by sublethal concentration of triazophos, chlorantraniliprole and imidacloprid[25,26]. In various investigations, increased fecundity and survival time were observed in M. persicae after treatment with sublethal concentrations of azadirachtin, imidacloprid[27]
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