Abstract
Background: The current study was performed aiming to evaluate possible changes in the effect on oxygen consumption, hematology and gill histopathological parameters in fish (Chanos chanos) upon exposure to sublethal concentration of the metalloid arsenic. Methods: Bioassay tests were conducted for determining the LC50 values of arsenic for 96 h. Oxygen consumption in control and arsenic-exposed fish was estimated using Winkler’s method. Red blood corpuscular (RBC) count was examined with a Neubauer counting chamber under a phase contrast microscope. Hemoglobin (Hb) was estimated following the acid hematin method. Histopathological studies were carried by processing and staining the gill tissues with hematoxylin and eosin in accordance with standard histological techniques. They were then subjected to examination under a scanning electron microscope. Results: Chanos chanos exposed to 1/10th of LC50 (24.61%) for a period of 30 days exhibited a maximum decline in the rate of respiration, followed by a decline in RBC and Hb above 45.59% and 51.60%, respectively. Significant toxic lesions encompassing fused gill lamellae, detached gill epithelium, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of respiratory epithelium became heavy handed on the 30th day. Conclusion: Information synthesized from our study serves to be useful in monitoring and managing (As) contamination in the aquatic environment.
Highlights
The hydrosphere, wrapping about 71% of planet Earth, is under constant threat as a result of the manifold activities of mankind [1]
The results of oxygen consumption of Chanos chanos fish exposed to 10% sublethal concentration of arsenic against the controls are presented in Figure 1 where a decline in the O2 consumption rate was observed following an exposure period of 10, 20 and
The fish exposed to sublethal concentrations, on the other hand, were recorded with relatively low rates of oxygen consumption including 0.580, 0.542 and 0.481 mL O2 /g/h at 10, 20 and 30 days, respectively
Summary
The hydrosphere, wrapping about 71% of planet Earth, is under constant threat as a result of the manifold activities of mankind [1]. The current study was performed aiming to evaluate possible changes in the effect on oxygen consumption, hematology and gill histopathological parameters in fish (Chanos chanos) upon exposure to sublethal concentration of the metalloid arsenic. Oxygen consumption in control and arsenic-exposed fish was estimated using Winkler’s method. Histopathological studies were carried by processing and staining the gill tissues with hematoxylin and eosin in accordance with standard histological techniques. They were subjected to examination under a scanning electron microscope. Results: Chanos chanos exposed to 1/10th of LC50 (24.61%) for a period of 30 days exhibited a maximum decline in the rate of respiration, followed by a decline in RBC and Hb above
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