Abstract
Background: Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are common among patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the relationship between SCCs and MCI is not well understood. Herein, we aimed to investigate whether there are any differences in the prevalence and risk factors of SCCs between early PD patients with and without MCI.Methods: Overall, 108 newly diagnosed, untreated PD patients underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessments. PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) were diagnosed according to the MCI level II criteria. Furthermore, SCCs were measured with the Cognitive Complaints Interview (CCI). Logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for confounding variable, was performed in order to investigate risk factors of SCCs in PD-MCI patients and PD patients with normal cognition (PD-NC).Results: Furthermore, 42 (42.3%) participants reported SCCs and 53 (53.5%) participants were diagnosed with PD-MCI. The prevalence of SCCs in PD-MCI and PD-NC participants was 30.3% and 12.1%, respectively. Logistic regression analyses revealed that the presence of SCCs in PD-MCI group was significantly associated with Non-Motor Symptoms Questionnaire (NMSQ) score (OR = 1.340, 95%CI = 1.115−1.610, p = 0.002), while the presence of SCCs in PD-NC group was significantly associated with time of Stroop Color-Word Test card C (OR = 1.050, 95%CI = 1.009−1.119, p = 0.016).Conclusion: SCCs are frequent among patients with early PD. The prevalence and risk factor of SCCs are distinct in PD with and without MCI. These findings suggest that SCCs in early PD with different cognitive status appear to have different pathogenicity.
Highlights
MATERIALS AND METHODSCognitive impairment is one of the most important non-motor symptoms (NMSs) of Parkinson’s disease (PD; Aarsland et al, 2021), even in the early stages of the disease (Aarsland et al, 2009; Weil et al, 2018)
The full spectrum of cognition occurs among individuals with PD, which ranges from normal cognition through mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to PD dementia (PDD; Aarsland et al, 2017)
Regarding performance on neuropsychological tests, data in our research revealed that the Parkinson’s disease with normal cognition (PD-NC) + SCC group performed significantly worse with regards to attention/working memory than PD-NC-SCC, while the Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) + SCC group did substantially at the same level of PD-MCI-SCC across all neuropsychological tests
Summary
MATERIALS AND METHODSCognitive impairment is one of the most important non-motor symptoms (NMSs) of Parkinson’s disease (PD; Aarsland et al, 2021), even in the early stages of the disease (Aarsland et al, 2009; Weil et al, 2018). The full spectrum of cognition occurs among individuals with PD, which ranges from normal cognition through mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to PD dementia (PDD; Aarsland et al, 2017). MCI is an intermediate stage that occurs between normal cognition and dementia in PD (Caviness et al, 2007). 50% of PD patients with normal cognition (PD-NC) develop MCI within 6 years (Pigott et al, 2015). After 5 years, 27.8% of PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) patients revert to normal cognition (Pedersen et al, 2017), and almost 40% of PD patients with MCI (PD-MCI) go on to develop PDD (Pedersen et al, 2017). Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are common among patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).
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