Subjective Assessment of the Dry Eye Syndrome According to the OSDI Questionnaire in Patients Using Various Options for Correcting Ametropia

Abstract

Purpose: to study the severity of dry eye symptoms in patients who wear contact lenses and in those who underwent laser keratomileusis a long period ago according to OSDI questionnaire.Methods. 88 patients with various refractive disorders were included in the study, there were 33 men and 55 women. Mean age was 30,11 y.o. All patients were divided into 3 groups according to method of refractive disorder correction. Groups were equal in age and gender. The first included 27 patients wearing soft contact lenses for more than 5 years. The second group contained 33 patients who didn’t use contact lenses. The third one included 32 patients who underwent refractive surgery (LASIK, Femto-LASIK) more than a year ago. Assessment of severity of dry eye symptoms was performed according to questionnaire data (patients’ subjective feelings), objective data was not taken into account. Survey was performed with the use of OSDI questionnaire.Results. According to the symptoms presented the incidence of dry eye syndrome was 73.91 % in patients of the first group and it was 56.25 % and 66.66 % in the second and third one, moreover, the prevalence of DES in each of the groups was higher among women and amounted to 94.11% in the first group; 63.63% — in the second and 61.11% — in the third group. Mean OSDI in the first group was 31.48 ± 22.17; and it was 18,83 ± 14,00 and 22,25 ± 15,53 in the second and third group respectively. The obtained data corresponded to moderate severity of dry eye syndrome in all groups. DES was more prevalent among women in each group.Conclusion. The prevalence of DES according to the severity of symptoms was 65.6 %, the severity of DES was predominantly moderate. There was definite connection of symptoms and such risk factors as female sex and contact lens wear. Despite the connection with underlying pathogenetic mechanisms, the spread and severity of dry eye symptoms in patients a year after refractive surgery were significantly lower compared to those who didn’t undergo any refractive surgical procedures.