Abstract
Obesity related inflammation plays a key role in endothelial injury, which is an antecedent of adult cardiovascular disease. Few studies have attempted to define these relationships in children. We hypothesized that obesity is related to inflammation, endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) depletion, and endothelial dysfunction in adolescents. A total of 100 normal weight (n=45, BMI <85th percentile for their age and sex) and obese (n=55, BMI >95th) adolescents (9‐18 years of age) were recruited. Obese adolescents had higher glucose, total‐ and LDL‐cholesterol, and lower HDL‐cholesterol levels (p<0.05). They had higher plasma hsCRP (6.40 +/‐ 8.93 vs. 0.45 +/‐ 0.90 mg/L, p<0.001) and lower adiponectin (2410.72 +/‐ 727.69 vs. 3111.68 +/‐ 1063.18 mg/L, p<0.01) levels. Meanwhile, the obese group had fewer EPCs, measured by flow cytometry (1.76 +/‐ 0.69 vs. 2.16 +/‐ 0.81 %, p<0.01). Increased forearm vascular resistance (FVR) (mmHg/ml/100 ml/min) was also observed, both at basal condition (44.22 +/‐ 28.29 vs. 30.54 +/‐ 15.73, p<0.01) and after ischemic test (9.34 +/‐ 5.90 vs. 6.31 +/‐ 5.04, p<0.01), in obese children. Significant correlations were found between BMI and adiponectin (r= ‐0.46), EPC (r= ‐0.26), hsCRP (r=0.64), and FVR (basal: r=0.35; ischemia: r= 0.30). EPC was negatively correlated with hsCRP (r= ‐0.28), suggesting obesity‐related inflammation is involved in endothelial injury in adolescents.
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