Effects of a physical activity program on markers of endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and metabolic status in adolescents with metabolic syndrome.

Eneida Camarillo-Romero,Araceli Amaya-Chavez,Abraham Majluf-Cruz,Maria Del Socorro Camarillo-Romero,Ma Victoria Dominguez-Garcia,Juan Talavera-Piña,Gerardo Huitron-Bravo

doi:10.5402/2012/970629

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a precursor of diabetes. Physical activity (PA) improves endothelial dysfunction and may benefit patients with MetS. Aims. To evaluate the effect of a physical activity (PA) program on markers of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in adolescents with (MetS). Methods. We carried out a cohort study of 38 adolescents with and without MetS (18 females and 20 males). All participants completed a 3-month PA program. All variables of the MetS as well as markers of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress tests were evaluated. Results. Females with and without MetS showed significant differences for almost all components of the MetS, whereas males were significantly different in half of the components. After the PA program, components of the MetS were not different from baseline values except for HDL-C levels. Some baseline endothelial dysfunction markers were significantly different among adolescents with and without MetS; however, after the PA program, most of these markers significantly improved in subjects with and without MetS. Conclusion. PA improves the markers of endothelial dysfunction in adolescents with MetS although other changes in the components of the MetS were not observed. Perhaps the benefits of PA on all components of MetS would appear after a PA program with a longer duration.

Highlights

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of several atherothrombotic risk factors and is considered to be a precursor of atherothrombotic diseases and diabetes mellitus [1]
Some baseline endothelial dysfunction markers were significantly different among adolescents with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS); after the physical activity (PA) program, most of these markers significantly improved in subjects with and without MetS
Levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) significantly increased after the PA program in females and males in both groups

Summary

Introduction

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of several atherothrombotic risk factors and is considered to be a precursor of atherothrombotic diseases and diabetes mellitus [1]. Several criteria have been proposed for diagnosis of MetS. The importance of establishing the diagnosis of MetS is that these individuals have a 1.5- to 2.0-fold increase in risk for atherothrombotic events [2], a predictive effect that is similar to that of the Framingham Score [3]. The prevalence of MetS is higher in Mexico than in the US (19.6% versus 8.6%, resp.) [4, 5]. When the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) are used, the prevalence of MetS in Mexico and the U.S does not differ greatly (8.2% versus 4.5%, resp.) [6, 7]. In overweight or obese adolescents, the incidence of MetS increases to 38% and 50%, respectively [6, 8]

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