Abstract
The article presents studies of the soil-reclamation state of rice agricultural landscapes of Krasnodar Territory using the example of the Chernoyerovskaya irrigation system. The direction of changes in soil salinity over a long-term period was revealed. In the framework of monitoring the state of rice soils, salt survey was carried out. The degree, type and causes of their salinization have been determined, the relationship between the salt regime of soils and the regime of the level and chemical composition of groundwater has been established. Recommendations for managing the fertility of rice agricultural landscapes are given.
Highlights
The reclamation complex of Kuban is represented by twelve rice irrigation systems with the total area of 234.4 thousand hectares, which are used in crop production and are integral part of the agro-industrial complex of the Krasnodar Territory [1]
The construction of irrigation systems with the movement of large soil volumes, agricultural activities, and especially rice cultivation, where rice cultivation technology is associated with the presence of water layer in the field for three months a year, transformed natural landscapes into agricultural landscapes, characterized by fairly large variety of soils, mesorelief forms, geochemical, hydrochemical and other indicators [3,4]
Drilling of wells was accompanied by hydrogeological observations of the salt regime of soils
Summary
The rice irrigation systems of Krasnodar Territory are located mainly in the places of the former floodplains of Lower Kuban, which were not previously used for the cultivation of crops These were large land tracts with marsh soils, that were heavy in texture, often mineralized with high salt content, unsuitable for agricultural production. In Lower Kuban, the main subtypes of rice soils are meadow-chernozemic, meadow, alluvial meadow-marshy, characteristic feature of which is compaction, merging and salinity [5, 6] Rice cultivation on such soils contributes to their stratification and involvement in agricultural circulation [7]
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