Studying Effects of Calcium Oxide Nanoparticles on Dentinogenesis in Male Wistar Rats.

Bushra Habeeb Al-Maula,Ruba M Mustafa,Abdullatif Alfutimie,Zena Jehad Wally,Mohanad Jameel Najm Al-Magsoosi,Julfikar Haider,Suhad Jabbar Hamed Al-Nasrawi,Rasha Hatem Dosh

doi:10.1155/2021/9983538

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate potential impacts of calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO-NPs) at different dosages on predentin thickness, number of blood vessels, periodontal ligament thickness, and blood glucose level of Wistar rats. Twelve rats were randomly gathered into four groups, untreated (control) and CaO-NP-treated groups at three concentrations (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg of the body weight) over a period of 60 days. Histological investigation was performed on twenty-four lower incisor teeth extracted from all the tested groups under a light microscope, and an automatic Fujifilm was used to measure the blood glucose level. The results showed that regular nanoparticle treatment significantly increased predentin and periodontal ligament thicknesses, a gradual decrease in vascularization in the pulp tissue, and an increase in the blood glucose level as the dosages of nanoparticles administered to the rats increased. Administration of the CaO-NPs at low dosage (25 mg/kg) could be beneficial for the growth and integrity of teeth and dentinal tissues in rats.

Highlights

Calcium-based biomaterials such as calcium oxide (CaO) have been extensively used in dentistry and different biomedical applications due to their ability to release calcium ions after dissolution [1]
To the best of authors’ knowledge, no other studies were found in the literature that investigated the effects of oral administration of calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO-NPs) on the tooth structure in order to determine the optimal dosage. us, the present study aimed to evaluate the impact of a regular administration of the synthesised CaO-NPs at different dosages (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) on the predentin thickness, periodontal ligament thickness, number of blood vessels, and blood glucose level of Wistar rats over a period of 60 days
Histological examination images of the animal tissues in the pulpal region after 60 days of daily administration of CaO-NPs at various dosages (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) and the nontreated group are presented in Figure 3. e histological images revealed a general increase in the predentin formation activity and a progressive decrease in the vascularization with the increase in the concentration of CaO-NP administration

Summary

Introduction

Calcium-based biomaterials such as calcium oxide (CaO) have been extensively used in dentistry and different biomedical applications due to their ability to release calcium ions after dissolution [1]. Calcium is the main component of the body’s bones and teeth and plays an effective role in the functioning of different living cells such as osteoblast, ameloblast, and odontoblast, which form the calcified tissue of the bone, enamel, and dentin, respectively [2, 3]. Dentin has a collagenous matrix rich in mineral crystal, which contains around 10% water, 20% organic materials, and 70% inorganic materials. Dentin is formed by two main processes, collagenous matrix formation and mineral crystal formation in this matrix [7]. Dentin is covered by the cementum where a group of connective tissue fibers called periodontal ligament (PDL) is bound and holds the tooth to the alveolar bone [9]. Mechanical stresses are transmitted and absorbed by the PDL which provides vascular supply and nutrients to the cementum and alveolar bone [10]

Methods

Results

Conclusion