Abstract
It had long been held that the acidic gastric environment is deadly to microorganisms, and that a stomach with normal acid secretion is sterile. Thus, gastric microbiology had unfortunately been neglected until Warren and Marshall cultured and identified Helicobacter pylori (initially called gastric Campylobacter-like organisms, Campylobacter pyloridis and then Campylobacter pylori).74 It is now confirmed that two Helicobacter species, H. pylori and H. heilmannii (originally named Gastrospirillum hominis) colonize the human gastric epithelium and are associated with gastritis and other gastric diseases. However, H. heilmannii has not been cultured.78 Thus, the adhesive properties of H. heilmannii are unknown. Other bacteria and fungi are occasionally isolated from gastric specimens. However, it is not confirmed whether these microorganisms colonize the human gastric epithelium. Accordingly, we will review the adhesive properties of H. pylori to human gastric epithelium in this chapter.
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