Study to correlate the histopathological spectrum of bone lesions with demographic profile of patients in a tertiary care institution

Abstract

Background: Bone lesions are less commonly encountered lesions, and they pose a definite diagnostic challenge. Aims and Objective: The aims and objective of this study is to determine and correlate various bone lesions histopathologically with age and gender. Materials and Methods: A combined retrospective and prospective study of all bone lesions was done for 2 years from May 2015 to April 2017 in the histopathology section of the department of pathology at a tertiary care teaching hospital. A total of 148 cases of different bone lesions were studied. Relevant history, clinical data, and radiological reports were obtained from the requisition forms submitted. Results: The present study shows that the incidence of nonneoplastic bone lesions is 59.46% and that of benign neoplastic lesions is 29.73%. The malignant bone lesions accounted for 10.81%. The younger males were commonly affected (60.81%). The peak age incidence of bony lesions was found to be 21–30 years in 21.62% of the cases. The inflammatory lesions (36%) were commonly encountered nonneoplastic lesions. Among the neoplastic lesions, giant cell tumor (40.90%) and metastatic bony deposits (43.75%) were the most common benign and malignant tumors, respectively. Conclusion: Inflammatory lesions were the most common nonneoplastic lesion. Among the neoplastic bony lesions, giant cell tumor is the most common benign tumor, and metastatic deposits were the common malignant lesions. The clinical data, radiology, and histopathology all when correlated help to establish the correct diagnosis of bone lesions.