Study to Assess the Prevalence of Congenital Hypothyroidism in New Born and Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme Regarding Hypothyroidism Among Mothers of Neonates Delivered at Military Hospital in Jabalpur City

Abstract

Aims To determine the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism CH in neonates by measuring thyroid stimulating hormone TSH in cord blood of newborn in Military hospital Jabalpur. To find out the relation between demographic variables and TSH values of newborn. To assess the pre-test knowledge scores of mothers of neonate whose TSH values were gt20 miuL. To find out the effectiveness of planned teaching programme regarding hypothyroidism in neonates among mothers. To find out the association of pre-test knowledge among mothers and demographic variables.Methods Questionnaire for collection of demographic variables questionnaire for checking pre-test knowledge regarding hypothyroidism among mothers. Planned teaching programme for hypothyroidism in children. Post-test to measure effectiveness of teaching programme. The study sample consisted of 100 cord blood samples and ten mothers available at the time of study. Simple random sampling method was used for the selection of samples. The instrument for data collection was immunosorbant assay method planned teaching programme. The data obtained was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency percentage mean standard deviation paired t-test and Chi-square test.Results Hundred newborn babies were screened for prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism by measuring cord blood TSH levels and it showed that TSH values vary from 0.23 to 55.59. TSH levels of female babies were greater than male babies. Out of 100 babies 53 were male babies whose TSH values ranged between 0.23 to 43.75. Out of 100 babies born six were pre-term whose TSH varied from 0.4 to 43.75 miuL whereas in 94 term babies mean TSH was 8.642 miuL. Pre term babies TSH values were more than term babies which was 10.482 miuL. Out of 100 babies 58 were born by normal vaginal delivery 40 were caesarian born babies and two were vacuum delivered. The TSH values of normal vaginal delivery babies were more than LSCS babies and vacuum delivery babies. Ten babies were recalled along with the mothers and their venous blood was sent for T3 T4 TSH. All the ten babies had TSH levels within normal limits and T4 was also normal. Asymmetrical skewness was observed between TSH and T40.2448 correlation coefficient between TSH and T40.332. As the weight of babies increased T4 value increased. Out of 10 mothers screened two of them were found to have hypothyroidism.Conclusions The study concluded that sex mode of delivery maturity birth weight are associated with TSH levels in newborns and TSH levels in cord blood. Planned teaching programme on hypothyroidism in newborn is an effective method for providing awareness among mothers to enhance early detection of hypothyroidism related developmental delay. Chetankumar MR et al. RJNS 202111