Abstract
Applying compost tea, prepared by aeration, without or with water hyacinths by either water or solvent extraction, showed phytotoxic in practice of suppress weed. Compost tea extracts had influential inhibition based on its concentrations after 24 h brewing on Zea mays and P. oleracea seed germination and seedling growth. Water based (CW2) and solvent based (CS2) extracted by diethyl ether:ethyl acetate (1:1) after 48 h of brewing could be highly phytotoxic compared to other types of compost tea. Water-based extract (WW3) compost tea mixed with dried water hyacinth (DWH) after 72 h brewing and the solvent based WS2 (CT mixed with DWH) at both 300 and 500 µg ml−1 after 48 h brewing had the strongest inhibition effects and completely inhibited Z. mays and P. oleracea germination. High levels of toxicity observed from the solvent-based extract was WS2 after 48 h of brewing, which gave the least EC50 values in Z. mays and P. oleracea, reached (175.0 and 160.0) root length (180.0 and 195.0) germination and (200 and 190) µg ml−1 shoot length, respectively. Water-based CW2 and CW3 extracted with ethyl acetate and solvent-based CS2 and CS3 (diethyl ether:ethyl acetate) after brewing 48 and 72 h, respectively, revealed to LC–MS/MS analysis, the profiles have shown acetic acid, propionic acid, methyl butyric acid, cinnamic acid, coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, syringic acid, 5-hydroxyferulic acid and sinapic acid. There are substantial differences in these substance phytotoxicity, that differences could be attributed to the phytotoxicity of compost tea according to brewing time and concentrations, the case that could pave the way towards using it in bioreactors to produce natural herbicidal bioactive constituents for use in ecological weed management. Our aim was to perform bioassays for the phytotoxicity of compost tea and to identify its chemicals.
Published Version
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