Study some optical properties of different total suspended solids in media filters by using He–Ne laser

Abstract

The drip irrigation emitter is a small mechanical device which is designed to dissipate pressure and constantly discharge a small, uniform flow of water. Partial and total clogging of emitters is closely related to the quality of the irrigation water. Physical factors for water quality include all inorganic materials such as sand, silt and clay; the filtration of the irrigation water is essential in order to avoid blockages damage of the small passage emitters, drippers, sprayers and sprinklers. This is a mechanical water treatment and it is achieved by the installation of main filtering devices (filters) at the control head of the irrigation systems. Sand–gravel media filters are particularly suitable for water with high suspended solid content. The precision agriculture database generally includes irrigation facilities, water availability and planning of other inputs. The science of remote sensing RS is usually restricted to methods that detect and measure electromagnetic energy including visible and non-visible radiations that interact with surface materials and the atmosphere. A new multispectral optical sensor system has been designed and developed for measuring total suspended solid (TSS) concentration in polluted water. In this study, the optical sensing system has been designed for measuring scattered radiation from water samples from media filters at the irrigation systems. This study aims to measure the peak of optical properties at transmission and absorption intensities of irrigation water samples. Three different concentration levels of TSS are 286.8, 270 and 290 mg/l. It was noticed that high values were 4240 and 3880 for absorption intensities to Zaffaran media and Misr bank media at wavelength 632.8 nm.