Abstract
A plasma photonic crystal (PPC) was formed using an array of discharge plasma tubes. The transmission spectra and bandstructure of PPCs with different lattice types under different polarization modes were studied through simulation and measurement. To study the types of bandgap in PPCs, the bandstructure of the PPC is calculated using symplectic finite difference time domain (SFDTD), a modified plane wave expansion (PWE) method, and a finite element method (FEM) based on weak form equations. The bandstructure of the PPC is compared with the transmission curve results. The results show that the bandgap is stable in the PPC, and the experimental and numerical results of the transmission spectra agree well. There are different types of bandgap in the PPC; the bandgap under TE-like polarization is caused by localized surface plasmon (LSP) and Bragg scattering. The bandgap under TM-like polarization is caused by the cutoff effect of plasma on the electromagnetic wave and Bragg scattering. The lattice type also affects the position and number of the bandgap. The three methods have their advantages and disadvantages when calculating bandstructure. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the results of three methods and experimental results to accurately determine the bandgap type of the PPC.
Highlights
Plasma photonic crystals (PPCs) composed of plasma arrays have the properties of conventional photonic crystals (PCs), but can change their dielectric constant by controlling the plasma parameters, thereby having a tunable photonic bandgap (PBG)
Sakai et al first proposed the concept of PPCs, constructed a helium discharge plasma array at atmospheric pressure, and investigated the bandgap of PPCs by experimental tests and numerical calculations [1,2]; Fan [3] and Wang et al [4], used dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) with two water electrodes to obtain a two-dimensional PPC with tunable lattice arrangement and photonic bandgap; Wang et al [5] designed a threedimensional woodpile type PPC and calculated and tested its transmission characteristics; Zhang [6], Wen [7], and Wang [8] composed a PPC using plasma discharge tubes and tested and calculated its transmission and absorption characteristics; V
The localized surface plasmon (LSP) generated on the cylindrical PPC can be regarded as a standing wave of the surface plasma wave propagating in the opposite direction, and the electric field distribution with a knot-belly structure at the plasma-air interface can be observed in both Figures 7a and 8a
Summary
Plasma photonic crystals (PPCs) composed of plasma arrays have the properties of conventional photonic crystals (PCs), but can change their dielectric constant by controlling the plasma parameters (electron density, collision frequency, etc.), thereby having a tunable photonic bandgap (PBG). PPCs can generate a localized surface plasmon (LSP) bandgap in specific polarization mode; the LSP bandgap will have a strong absorption effect on electromagnetic waves, and the LSP bandgap is tunable. PPCs can be used to construct electromagnetic wave absorbing devices . IInn tthhee eexxppeerriimmeenntt,, aa 77 ×× 66((rrooww××cocolulummnn) )aarrrarayyooffpplalassmmaattuubbeesswwaassuusseeddttoo ffoorrmm aa PPPPCCwwiitthh aassqquuaarree llaattttiiccee aanndd ttrriiaanngguullaarr llaattttiiccee wwiitthh aa llaattttiiccee ccoonnssttaanntt aa == 2200 mmmm,, aass sshhoowwnn iinn Figuree 11..TThheepplalsamsma atutbuebsews ewreerceonctoronltlreodllbeyd absyetaosfebtalolfasbtsalblastesdboansethdeoDnAtLhIecoDnAtrLoIl cpornotrooclopl.rEoatocchopl.laEsamcha ptulabsemwaatsu1b6e mwmas i1n6dmiammeintedr iaanmde2te6r0amnmd 2i6n0lemnmgthin, wleinthgtahm, wixituhrae mofixlotuwr-eporefslsouwre-parregsosnurgeasaragnodnmgearscuanrydvmaperocruirnysivdaep. The low-pressure glow discharge plasma tube is generally consiTdheereedletoctbroenindthenesriatnygienotfhaepplorwox-ipmreastesulyre10g16lo/wm3dtiosc1h0a18rg/emp3.laTshmeaortduebreoifsmgaegnneirtauldlye coofntshiedceorelldistioonbefrienqutheenrcaynwgeasoef satpimpraotexdim, uatseinlyg1B0O16L/mSI3Gto+1s0o1f8/tmwa3.rTeh[1e8o],rdtoerboef1m09aHgnzi.tuTdhee opfotwheercocollnissiuonmferdeqbuyenecaychwdaisscehstairmgaetetudb, eusisinPg1B=O6L.S2I8GW+ ,soPf2tw=a6r.e43[1W8],, taondbeP130=9 H6z.5.6TW he; the corresponding electron density used for the calculation is: ne1 = 2.64 × 1017/m3, ne2 = 2.92 × 1017/m3, and ne3 = 3.36 × 1017/m3.
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