Abstract
In this paper, the properties of photonic band gaps (PBGs) and defect modes of two-dimensional (2D) fractal plasma photonic crystals (PPCs) under a transverse-magnetic (TM) wave are theoretically investigated by a modified plane wave expansion (PWE) method. The configuration of 2D PPCs is the square lattices with the iteration rule of the Fibonacci sequence whose constituents are homogeneous and isotropic. The proposed 2D PPCs is filled with the dielectric cylinders in the plasma background. The accuracy and convergence of the present modified PWE method also are validated by a numerical example. The calculated results illustrate that the enough accuracy and good convergence can be achieved compared to the conventional PWE method, if the number of meshed grids is large enough. The dispersion curves of the proposed PPCs and 2D PPCs with a conventional square lattice are theoretically computed to study the properties of PBGs and defect modes. The simulated results demonstrate that the advantaged properties can be obtained in the proposed PPCs compared to the 2D conventional PPCs with similar lattices. If the Fibonacci sequence is introduced into the 2D PPCs, the larger PBGs and higher cutoff frequency can be achieved. The lower edges of PBGs are flat, which are originated from the Mie resonances. The defect modes can be considered as the quasi-localized states since the Fibonacci sequence has the self-similarity and non-periodicity at the same time. The effects of configurational parameters on the characters of the present PPCs are investigated. The results show that the PBGs and defect modes can be easily manipulated by tuning those parameters.
Highlights
Since the concept of photonic crystals (PCs) was firstly proposed by Yablonovitch[1] and John[2] in 1987, the PCs have been extensively investigated in both theory and experiment, and it is a type of artificial material, whose constituents are periodically arranged in space
The characteristics of photonic band gaps (PBGs) and defect modes of 2D fractal plasma photonic crystals (PPCs) under TM wave are theoretically investigated by a modified plane wave expansion (PWE) method with a meshed grid technique, whose configuration is the square lattices with the Fibonacci sequence
The proposed 2D PPCs are the dielectric cylinders inserted in the plasma background, whose constituents are homogeneous and isotropic
Summary
Since the concept of photonic crystals (PCs) was firstly proposed by Yablonovitch[1] and John[2] in 1987, the PCs have been extensively investigated in both theory and experiment, and it is a type of artificial material, whose constituents are periodically arranged in space. In the PBGs, the propagation of EM waves will be completely forbidden. Such an amazing feature enables the realization of many valuable devices based on the PCs, such as antennas,[4] resonators,[5] waveguides[6] and filters.[7] the conventional PCs have to suffer from un-tunable PBGs. Such an amazing feature enables the realization of many valuable devices based on the PCs, such as antennas,[4] resonators,[5] waveguides[6] and filters.[7] the conventional PCs have to suffer from un-tunable PBGs It means that the conventional PCs cannot be used to realize
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