Study on the Use of Citosan from Maps on the Reduction of Timbal (PB) Weight Metal Levels in Batik Waste

Abstract

Background – The batik industry, both household and factory scale, is known to contribute heavy metal pollution to the environment. One of them is lead (Pb), which can interfere with various body systems such as the nervous system, reproductive system, as well as the growth and development of children. Treating waste before disposal into the environment is expected to reduce its adverse effects, adsorption is one method that is known to be quite effective. Objective – This study aims to test the effectiveness of chitosan extracted from shrimp shells as an adsorbent for heavy metal lead (Pb) in batik dyeing waste. Method – This research uses laboratory experimental method in several stages. Extraction of chitosan from shrimp shell through demineralisation, deproteination, depigmentation and deacetylation stages. Characterisation of chitosan was carried out using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) until the degree of deacetylation was ≥ 90%. Testing the ability to absorb lead (Pb) was carried out at concentrations: A (0.10%), B (0.25%) and C (0.5%). Result – The results of analysis using Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) showed a decrease in heavy metal lead (Pb) levels in the waste. The highest uptake capacity of 95.69% and the highest adsorption capacity of 10.3678 mg/L were found at a chitosan concentration of 0.50% with an interaction time of 30 minutes. Managerial Implication – Chitosan from shrimp shells is an effective adsorbent for Pb in batik waste, which is expected to reduce its negative impact on the environment. This method can be a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution to the waste problem in the batik industry.