Abstract
Nanodoping is an effective way to improve the dielectric properties and the aging resistance of polyethylene. Nano-zeolite has a nano-level porous structure and larger specific surface area than ordinary nano-inorganic oxide, which can be used to improve dielectric properties of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) nanocomposite. The zeolite/LDPE nanocomposites were prepared and subjected to thermal aging treatment to obtain samples with different aging time. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test to study the microscopic and structure characteristics, it was found that nano-zeolite doping can effectively reduce the thermal aging damage to the internal structure of the nanocomposite; carbonyl and hydroxyl decreased significantly during the thermal aging time, and the crystallinity effectively improved. Nano-zeolite doping significantly improved the morphology and strengthened the aging resistance of the nanocomposite. In the dielectric strength test, it was found that nanodoping can effectively improve the direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) breakdown field strength and the stability after the thermal aging. The dielectric constant of nanocomposite can be reduced, and the dielectric loss had no obvious change during the aging process. Moreover, the zeolite/LDPE nanocomposite with the doping concentration of 1 wt % had the best performance, for the nano-zeolite was better dispersed.
Highlights
In the field of electrical insulation, especially for cable manufacturing industries, polyethylene is the most important power cable insulation material with the excellent insulating performance and mechanical properties [1,2]
It is generally believed that the interfacial region between nanoparticles and polymer matrix plays an important role, the special structure and dielectric behavior in the interfacial region are the key to the performance improvement [15,16]
The mechanism of nanodoping modification is more likely to be the result of nanostructure in interfacial region rather than the nanoparticle itself, and the research on the polyethylene modification of nanodoping with special nanostructures from the perspective of microstructure has been developed, such as the doping modification of nanoparticles with porous structure [17,18]
Summary
In the field of electrical insulation, especially for cable manufacturing industries, polyethylene is the most important power cable insulation material with the excellent insulating performance and mechanical properties [1,2]. In order to obtain better performances of polyethylene materials, many studies have tried doping polyethylene with nano-inorganic oxides. The dielectric properties of doped polyethylene are improved by using special effects under nanometer size [3,4,5] and interfacial effect between nanoparticles and polyethylene matrix [6]. It is generally believed that the interfacial region between nanoparticles and polymer matrix plays an important role, the special structure and dielectric behavior in the interfacial region are the key to the performance improvement [15,16]. The mechanism of nanodoping modification is more likely to be the result of nanostructure in interfacial region rather than the nanoparticle itself, and the research on the polyethylene modification of nanodoping with special nanostructures from the perspective of microstructure has been developed, such as the doping modification of nanoparticles with porous structure [17,18]
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