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Abstract
An air quality analysis for Tehran, the capital city of Iran, is conducted for SO2, with the measurements taken from 1995 to 2002. Measurements were taken from the seven main monitoring stations in different locations of the city. These stations are controlled by Department of Environment of Iran. As a first step; annual, seasonal and diurnal variations were studied. The yearly variation does not show any specific trend initially but in the recent years it seems there is a little upward trend. The pick of concentration of SO2 can be seen during 6-12 hour and during the winter season especially in January. The main purpose of this study is to see the effect of the meteorological parameters on the concentration of pollutant. For this purpose, the wind velocity, relative humidity, temperature, dew point, wind direction and rainfall are considered as independent variables. The relation between concentration of pollutant and meteorological parameters can be expressed by one linear regression equation. It is obvious from the equation that the wind speed, daily temperature and humidity have reverse effect on the concentration of SO2. To plan and execute air pollution control programs, one must predict the ambient air concentrations that will result from any planned set of emissions. For this purpose, a two-dimensional atmospheric diffusion model for ambient air concentration of SO2 was considered. Geostrophic winds, surface roughness, mixing height of the atmosphere, emission rate of the pollutant sources and background pollutant concentration have been taken as the input parameters. The airspace over the city to the mixing height was divided into multiple cells. Conservation of mass equations for each cell were solved for slightly stable and highly stable atmospheric conditions of city. The results of this equation were adjusted by the actual data (taken from monitoring stations).Then the modified dispersion equation for concentration of SO2 in Tehran has been suggested. @JASEM
Highlights
Tehran's high altitude, ranging between 1006 and 1524m, makes fuel combustion inefficient, adding to the pollution problem
The instruments that use in these stations are Horiba .The first monitoring station was established in 1995.This instrument (Horiba) can be used for a wide variety of analyses and tests for continuously monitoring some of pollutant concentrations in ambient air
A thermal power plant based on oil and coal contributes more than 60% of all sulfur oxides and 25-30% nitrogen oxides
Summary
Tehran's high altitude, ranging between 1006 and 1524m, makes fuel combustion inefficient, adding to the pollution problem. The city's "lungs" (i.e., its orchards, especially in northern Tehran) have largely been destroyed over the past 1020 years by rampant development pressures. The combination of these natural and man-made factors have made Tehran as one of the most polluted cities in the world, ranking with Mexico City, Beijing, Cairo, Sao Paulo, Shanghai, Jakarta, and Bangkok. A need was felt to carry out an ambient air quality monitoring in Tehran and the analysis of ambient trends can indicate the adequacies or deficiencies in emission inventories and emission reduction estimate
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