Abstract
In the realm of power grids environmental protection, low-frequency harmonic noise radiated from transformers has always been the focus of attention for decades. The existing noise control technologies, such as traditional noise barriers, sound insulation enclosures, and damping panels, not only occupying a large space but also causing difficulties in heat dissipation and daily maintenance of transformers. Therefore, explorations on the theory and design of low-noise power transformers become particularly necessary. In this paper, we started from the concept of acoustic radiation efficiency and discussed the radiation efficiency of a typical distribution transformer with radiators. It is found that the overall radiation efficiency is reduced below 230 Hz (low-frequency band) due to radiator barriers compared with that of the flat transformer tank. Furthermore, the phase effect of vibration distribution was also studied with a validated BEM code, inspired by the “acoustic short circuit” phenomenon. It is verified that the acoustic short circuit phenomenon truly exists for a typical transformer enclosure and affects its sound radiation. These supporting results might lead to a promising noise reduction technology from the perspective of radiation control of transformer tanks, i.e., acoustic metamaterials for noise source phase control.
Highlights
The noise pollution of power transformer has been recognized as the main pollution source of residents near power plants, substations, and converter stations, and this kind of noise pollution becomes more and more serious with the continuous improvement of transmission capacity and voltage level
The sidewalls of the transformer tank are all designed with radiators
In the high-frequency band, the radiation efficiency fluctuates around the value of 1.0
Summary
The noise pollution of power transformer has been recognized as the main pollution source of residents near power plants, substations, and converter stations, and this kind of noise pollution becomes more and more serious with the continuous improvement of transmission capacity and voltage level. The existing noise control technologies, such as traditional noise barriers, sound insulation enclosures, and damping panels, occupy a large space and cause difficulties in heat dissipation and daily maintenance of transformers. In this context, researches on the theory and design of low-noise power transformers become necessary. In the winding oscillation is excited by the Lorentz force acting on the coils These vibration sources are coupled with a transformer enclosure by mechanical connectors or fluid medium (insulation oil), which forms the transmission path for vibration energy. The resulting tonal noise was radiated from the transformer enclosure to the ambient areas
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